Patulin

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Patulin

• Classification: Mycotoxin; produced by Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Byssochlamys species.
• Pathogenic activity: Damages gut lining, allowing systemic bacterial spread. Inhibits DNA and protein synthesis.

Found in bruised fruits and contaminated juice. Allows bacteria like E. coli and Shigella to breach the colon wall. Moldy apples, apple juice, overripe or damaged fruit, jams.

Health issues: Gastrointestinal infection, systemic bacterial invasion, weakened mucosal immunity.